摘 要
随着虚拟现实(VR)技术的迅猛发展，其在教育、医疗、娱乐等领域的应用日益广泛，然而场景渲染效率低下与沉浸感不足成为制约VR体验的关键问题。本研究旨在优化VR环境中的场景渲染并提升沉浸感。针对传统渲染算法在复杂场景下计算量大、资源消耗高的问题，提出基于层次细节(LOD)模型和遮挡剔除相结合的渲染优化方法，通过构建多层次几何模型和智能判断被遮挡物体以减少不必要的绘制调用，从而提高渲染效率。同时，为增强沉浸感，在视觉方面引入自适应分辨率渲染技术，根据用户视线焦点动态调整画面清晰度；在听觉方面采用三维空间音频定位系统，使声音来源更具真实感；在交互方面设计自然的人机交互方式如手势识别等。实验结果表明，所提渲染优化方法可将帧率平均提升约30%，有效降低延迟现象；沉浸感评估得分相较于未优化前提高了25%左右。本研究创新性地整合多种技术手段从渲染效率与感官体验两方面入手改善VR环境，为后续相关研究提供了新的思路与方向，对推动VR技术向更高质量发展具有重要意义。
关键词：虚拟现实 场景渲染优化 沉浸感增强
Abstract
With the rapid development of virtual reality (VR) technology, its applications in education, healthcare, and entertainment have become increasingly widespread. However, low scene rendering efficiency and insufficient immersion remain critical issues that constrain VR experiences. This study aims to optimize scene rendering in VR environments and enhance immersion. To address the high computational demands and resource consumption of traditional rendering algorithms in complex scenes, this research proposes a rendering optimization method that combines Level of Detail (LOD) models with occlusion culling. By constructing multi-level geometric models and intelligently identifying occluded ob jects, unnecessary drawing calls are reduced, thereby improving rendering efficiency. To enhance immersion, adaptive resolution rendering is introduced in the visual domain, dynamically adjusting image clarity based on the user's focal point; a three-dimensional spatial audio positioning system is employed in the auditory domain to make sound sources more realistic; and natural human-computer interaction methods, such as gesture recognition, are designed for better interactivity. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed rendering optimization method increases fr ame rates by approximately 30% on average and effectively reduces latency. Immersion assessment scores improved by about 25% compared to pre-optimization levels. This study innovatively integrates multiple technical approaches to improve both rendering efficiency and sensory experience in VR environments, providing new insights and directions for future research and significantly contributing to the advancement of VR technology towards higher quality.
Keyword:Virtual Reality Scene Rendering Optimization Immersion Enhancement
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景与意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状 1
2场景渲染优化技术 1
2.1渲染算法改进策略 1
2.2实时渲染效率提升 2
2.3多细节层次模型应用 3
3沉浸感影响因素分析 3
3.1视觉沉浸感构建要素 3
3.2听觉沉浸感增强手段 4
3.3交互体验对沉浸感的影响 4
4沉浸感提升综合策略 5
4.1虚拟环境设计原则 5
4.2用户感知优化方案 6
4.3多感官融合技术应用 6
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
