摘 要
本文旨在探讨唐宋两代诗词中自然意象的演变过程及其背后的文化意义，通过对比分析唐代与宋代诗人对于自然界不同元素如山水、花鸟等描绘方式的变化，揭示社会变迁对文学创作的影响。研究选取了李白、杜甫、苏轼、辛弃疾等代表性诗人的作品作为主要文本材料，并结合历史文献资料进行跨时代比较。采用定量统计与定性分析相结合的方法，从频率分布、情感色彩及象征含义三个维度考察自然景象在诗歌中的呈现特征。结果显示，随着时代发展，自然景观由唐代宏大壮丽转向宋代细腻温婉；同时，诗人借景抒情的手法也更加多样化，反映了个人心境与社会环境之间的互动关系。本研究不仅深化了对中国古典文学中自然美学传统的理解，还为探索文化传承与创新提供了新视角，特别是在如何将传统元素融入现代语境方面具有重要启示作用。
关键词：唐宋诗词 自然意象演变 社会变迁
Abstract
This study aims to explore the evolution of natural imagery in Tang and Song dynasty poetry, along with its underlying cultural significance. By comparing and analyzing the changing depictions of natural elements such as mountains, rivers, flowers, and birds by poets from the Tang and Song dynasties, it reveals the impact of social changes on literary creation. The works of representative poets, including Li Bai, Du Fu, Su Shi, and Xin Qiji, are selected as primary textual materials, and historical documents are incorporated for a cross-era comparison. A combined method of quantitative statistics and qualitative analysis is employed to examine the characteristics of natural scenes in poetry from three dimensions: frequency distribution, emotional tone, and symbolic meaning. The results show that, with the progression of time, the depiction of natural landscapes shifted from the grand and magnificent style of the Tang Dynasty to the delicate and graceful style of the Song Dynasty. Additionally, the techniques used by poets to express their emotions through natural scenery became more diverse, reflecting the interaction between individual sentiments and the social environment. This research not only deepens the understanding of the traditional aesthetic of nature in classical Chinese literature but also provides new perspectives on cultural inheritance and innovation, particularly in how traditional elements can be integrated into modern contexts.
Keyword:Tang and Song poetry The evolution of natural imagery Social change
目 录
1 引言 1
2 唐代自然意象的形成与发展 2
2.1 自然意象在初唐诗歌中的表现 2
2.2 盛唐时期的自然意象特征 3
2.3 中晚唐自然意象的变化趋势 3
3 宋代自然意象的新变 4
3.1 北宋初期自然意象的继承与创新 4
3.2 南宋时期自然意象的深化与拓展 4
3.3 两宋之交自然意象的过渡特点 4
4 唐宋自然意象变迁的文化动因 5
4.1 社会变迁对自然意象的影响 5
4.2 文学思潮与自然意象的关系 6
4.3 诗人个体经历与自然意象表达 6
5 结论 7
参考文献 8
致谢 9
