行道树在强对流天气下倒伏的原因及预防对策

行道树在强对流天气下倒伏的原因及预防对策

摘  要

行道树作为城市绿化的重要组成部分，不仅美化城市景观，还承担着改善微气候、净化空气、降噪等重要生态功能。本文从气象学、生态学和土木工程学三个维度出发，概述了强对流天气的定义与特征、植物生长与环境适应性、树木根系与土壤相互作用等基础理论。随后，详细探讨了行道树在强对流天气下倒伏的四大主要原因：气候因素、树种与生长状况、土壤与环境条件、管理与维护不足。针对这些原因，本文提出了四大预防对策：气候适应性树种选择与培育、土壤与环境条件改善、加强管理与维护、科技创新与应用。通过优选抗风树种、改良土壤、合理规划道路布局、加强修剪支撑、建立监测预警系统以及引入智能监测技术和新型加固材料等措施。

关键词：行道树；强对流天气；倒伏原因

THE REASON AND PREVENTION COUNTERMEASURES OF STREET TREES FALLING IN SEVERE CONVECTIVE WEATHER

ABSTRACT

As an important part of urban greening, street trees not only beautify the urban landscape, but also undertake the important ecological functions such as improving microclimate, purifying air and reducing noise. Starting from the three dimensions of meteorology, ecology and civil engineering, this paper summarizes the basic theories of the definition and characteristics of severe convective weather, plant growth and environmental adaptability, and the interaction between tree roots and soil. Subsequently, the four main reasons for the lodging of street trees under severe convective weather were discussed in detail: climate factors, tree species and growth status, soil and environmental conditions, and insufficient management and maintenance. In view of these reasons, this paper puts forward four preventive countermeasures: selection and cultivation of climate adaptive tree species, improving soil and environmental conditions, strengthening management and maintenance, scientific and technological innovation and application. Through the selection of wind-resistant tree species, soil improvement, reasonable planning of road layout, strengthen pruning support, the establishment of monitoring and early warning system, and the introduction of intelligent monitoring technology and new reinforcement materials.

KEY WORDS：Street trees; severe convective weather; lodging cause

目  录
摘  要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 相关理论概述 3
2.1 气象学基础 3
2.2 生态学原理 3
第3章 行道树在城市生态系统中的重要性 5
3.1 改善城市微气候 5
3.2 净化空气与降噪 5
3.3 美化城市景观，提升居民幸福感 5
第4章 行道树在强对流天气下倒伏的原因 7
4.1 气候因素 7
4.2 树种与生长状况 7
4.3 土壤与环境条件 7
4.4 管理与维护不足 8
第5章 行道树在强对流天气下倒伏的预防对策 9
5.1 气候适应性树种选择与培育 9
5.2 选择抗风性强、生长健壮的树种种植 9
5.3 土壤与环境条件改善 9
5.4 加强管理与维护 10
第6章 结论 11
参考文献 12
致  谢 13